![]() You could hold up one side of the picture with a toothpick if the toothpick was perpendicular to the floor and the picture. Imagine laying a heavy framed picture flat on the floor. The epiphyses of bones, such as the neck of the femur, are subject to stress from many directions. ![]() Spongy bone is prominent in areas of bones that are not heavily stressed or where stresses arrive from many directions. Spongy bone reduces the density of bone and allows the ends of long bones to compress as the result of stresses applied to the bone. ![]() The red bone marrow of the femur and the interior of other large bones, such as the ileum, forms blood cells. Blood vessels within this tissue deliver nutrients to osteocytes and remove waste. Red bone marrow is found between the trabuculae. Instead, it consists of trabeculae, which are lamellae that are arranged as rods or plates. ![]() Spongy bone tissue does not contain osteons that constitute compact bone tissue. Sound transduction - Bones in the ear play a key role in hearing.Whereas compact bone tissue forms the outer layer of all bones, spongy bone or cancellous bone forms the inner layer of all bones. Bones serve as levers to multiply the force muscles can exert.Īcid-base balance - Bones absorb or release alkaline salts to buffer the blood against excessive pH changes. Movement - Our muscles must be attached to the rigid structure of the bones in order to operate. Mineral storage - We store excess dietary minerals, primarily calcium and phosphorus, in our bones. Blood production - Blood cells are produced by the marrow, which is located in the medullary cavity of the long bones. Protection - Our internal organs require protection, and formations such as the skull and ribs protect the brain and the heart respectively. ![]() There are various functions that these bones can serve: scapula).Īnatomists categorise bones into four main groups, long, short, flat, and irregular (everything that doesnt fall into the first three!). The name flat bones is given for obvious reasons these have broad surfaces, ideal for providing protection (ribs, skull) or as anchor points for muscles (e.g. Flat bones are one of the 4 classifications of bone and are found where protection is needed or anchoring of muscles. ![]()
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